Ruptures (tears), tendinitis, tendinosis, and tendinopathy of the Achilles tendon.

Fractures (or breaks) of the tibia, fibula, medial malleolus, posterior malleolus, and lateral malleolus.

Arthritis (post-traumatic arthritis, osteoarthritis, inflammatory arthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, cartilage wear) of the ankle joint.

Acute ankle sprain or multiple ankle sprains over time (instability) leading to chronic ligament injury and the ankle feeling unstable.

Arthritis (wearing away of the cartilage, bone spurs, joint pain) of the ankle or foot joints, including the subtalar joint and talonavicular joint.

Cartilage (osteochondral) injury in the ankle joint or the other joints of the foot/ankle.

Cavovarus foot, or high-arched foot where the heel turns in (varus), Charcot-Marie-Tooth.

Charcot foot (also known as Charcot arthropathy or neuroarthropathy) is a progressive condition that involves the gradual weakening of bones, joints, and soft tissues of the foot/ankle. It is often caused by diabetes or other peripheral neuropathy.

Deformity (or malalignment) can occur at the foot and ankle from many causes, including prior trauma, genetics, and chronic wear/tear.

Flatfoot, posterior tibial tendon insufficiency, progressive collapsing foot deformity, or any flattening and deformity of the foot.

Fractures (or breaks) of the ankle and foot, due to trauma, stress, or other causes.

Arthritis of the big toe joint (1st metatarsophalangeal [MTP]), bone spurs and stiffness at the big toe joint.

Bunion deformity (or hallux valgus) of the big toe, causing pain or difficulty with shoewear.

Deformity of the toes caused by a bunion (hallux valgus) deformity.

Tearing, rupture, or chronic degeneration of the foot/ankle ligaments, including: anterior inferior tibiofibular ligament (AITFL), posterior inferior tibiofibular ligament (PITFL), syndesmosis, anterior talofibular ligament (ATFL), calcaneofibular ligament (CFL), Deltoid ligament, Lisfranc ligament.

Injury to the Lisfranc ligament and/or joints of the midfoot.

Dysfunction, insufficiency, or tearing of the posterior tibial tendon. This is often associated with flatfoot deformity.

Sports injuries to the foot and ankle are common and include fractures, sprains, ligament/tendon tears, contusions, and more.

Tearing or rupturing of the foot/ankle tendons, including posterior tibial tendon (PTT), anterior tibial tendon (AT), Achilles tendon.